Solar cells, integrated with a thin layer of metallic nanoparticles, can absorb sunlight much more strongly than conventional solar cells. As a result, solar cells can be made thinner, and thus cheaper, while still efficiently...

A lens can focus light in transparent materials such as air, glass and pure water, and the size of the focus determines the sharpness of the image made. Although the size of the focus depends on the quality of the lens, even the...

The specific growth direction of plant cells is determined to a large extent by the orientation of what are known as 'microtubules' in the cells. These sturdy little tubes of tubulin proteins form a highly-ordered structure...